Even if you’re unfamiliar with the term, you might have already used the Gap technique in your writing, and if you’ve sat through at least one movie, you’ve seen it in action. Quentin Tarantino’s “Pulp Fiction” had us leaping like cats on the proverbial hot tin roof, as we followed his amazing story.

So what the heck is the Gap?

Basically, it refers to the distance between expectation and result, and every time you consciously create it as a writer, the outcome is new energy. I’m not talking about leaps of logic, where events happen for no apparent reason. Creating a Gap means giving your characters or your readers something unexpected and forcing them to mentally jump over into new territory. Here are a few ways to use it:

STORY ACTION: If your hero draws his sword and turns to duel with the villain — yet sees a huge boulder rolling toward him instead — he has to respond in a new way, probably involving his feet.

In more complex writing, a Gap goes beyond a plot twist. It often forces a character to grow and stretch to meet the new challenge. In my story, “The Great Name and the Novice,” (Best Women’s Erotica 2004) first-time novelist Josey attends a film writing seminar, hosted by “The Great Name” in screenwriting. She’s flattered to be invited to dinner with him, and even more flattered when he asks for an autographed copy of her book — right before they tumble into bed. The next day Josey settles into the class, still glowing and a little smug. Her mood changes, though, when the Great Name begins to lecture about poor storytelling, using her book as the bad example.

I was rooted to my chair. He was describing my plot …savaging it in front of me, ripping it to pieces in front of a hundred people. (He) might as well have poured gasoline over me and lit me on fire a dozen times, while the theater rang out with laughter.

Although a relentlessly polite Canadian, Josey has to respond to this unexpected attack on her work. The Gap between what she expected and what she got becomes a turning point in the story, and her life.

CHARACTER ILLUMINATION: The distance between what people think and what they actually say can be rich in revelation. For example, in one of my novels, a young man named Jens is thinking that his younger brother is a brilliant guitarist. Yet when he opens his mouth, he instead apologizes for not sending a birthday card. This Gap sends a strong message about Jens’ jealousy. He can’t bring himself to praise his brother, although it’s never said.

NEW IMAGES: Whenever you bring contrasting words together, you create a third image, packed with new meaning. Iron ballerina. Whispering watercolors. Tractor song. These normally unrelated words cause their own tiny Gap, and our minds leap to cover the space. Even a well-worn story idea feels fresher because the reader is fashioning new images in the Gaps you’ve created.

The real trick to making the Gap work is to use it consciously, and to be sure there is some connection between point A and point B. The story still has to flow. And because each Gap adds a burst of energy, you don’t need many. If you make the reader leap once or twice during a piece, that’s plenty. With too many Gaps, a story begins to resemble a Modern Art painting’splashes of color that might be attractive, but don’t actually produce an image.

“Beyond the Basics” © 2005 Tulsa Brown. All rights reserved.
About the Author: Tulsa Brown is an award-winning novelist who has also written for film and media, and has led many writing workshops for adults and young people.